In countries of the European Union (The European Economic Area (EEA) consists of the 15 member states of the European Community plus Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway), there is a form 'E111' which entitles any European to free standard medical treatment in any other member state. Most Europeans going on holiday within Europe get this form before going as an extra insurance cover. This form may be obtained from your local Health Authority using your social insurance number. It is our understanding that it's a very straightforward and easy process.
For people suffering from an illness such as amyloidosis, where their own country has no experienced facility to treat that illness, you can use form 'E112'. If you are recommended for treatment in another state (i.e. if an Irish person or German has to travel to the UK for treatment) you can apply, with the help of your doctor/consultant, to your local Health Authority for approval. Once approved, the cost is paid for by your own country. Covered costs usually include such things as travel to the other country, and the cost of hospital accommodations and treatment in that country. Note that for someone who is considered incapacitated and incapable of traveling alone (which probably applies to most amyloidosis patients by the time diagnosis is made) they will also pay the travel and accommodation costs of a 'caregiver'.